コラム

Potential of Taurine in Preventing Aging Found in Energy Drinks

Taurine, a component found in energy drinks, has the potential to prevent aging. Taurine is a naturally occurring amino acid and a major ingredient in many foods as well as energy drinks. Researchers have suggested that taurine may be an important factor in promoting healthy longevity. In their study on the aging process and the role of taurine, scientists discovered its remarkable potential, often referred to as the “elixir of life.” Blood tests conducted on mice, monkeys, and humans revealed that taurine levels are associated with age and impact essential bodily processes such as immune and nervous system function, bone formation, and obesity. Furthermore, it was evident that taurine levels decrease with age, with the average level in 60-year-old humans being only about one-third of that found in 5-year-old children.

To confirm the effects of taurine, researchers conducted experiments using approximately 250 mice aged 14 months (equivalent to 45 years in humans). Half of the mice were given taurine supplements. The results showed that the mice receiving taurine lived approximately 3 to 4 months longer than those without taurine supplementation. This life-extending effect translated to an extension of approximately 12% for females and 10% for males, equivalent to about 7 to 8 years of extended lifespan in humans. Vijay Yadav, a professor of genetics and developmental biology at Columbia University, stated that the mice given the supplement were “leading healthier lives.” The taurine-supplemented mice exhibited positive outcomes in various aspects, including increased muscle endurance and strength, increased bone mass, higher energy expenditure, reduced insulin resistance, and decreased signs of depression and anxiety. Similar health benefits were observed in middle-aged rhesus monkeys. The study reported that daily administration of taurine for six months prevented weight gain, increased spine and leg bone density, and improved immune system health.

To establish the correlation, Yadav’s research team evaluated over 12,000 European adults aged 60 and above. The results indicated that individuals with higher taurine concentrations were healthier, had fewer cases of type 2 diabetes, reduced incidence of hypertension, and lower levels of obesity and inflammation. However, Yadav noted that as this study is observation-based, it cannot prove whether taurine influenced the results or whether supplementation is beneficial for lifespan and health improvement. Yadav stated that rigorous randomized clinical trials are required to confirm the correlation of taurine.

Researchers also investigated the relationship between taurine levels and exercise. They examined taurine levels in a group of men after intense workouts, which included both athletes and less active individuals. The results showed a significant increase in taurine levels in all participants. This suggests that taurine may contribute to the health benefits associated with exercise. However, caution should be exercised regarding excessive consumption of energy drinks containing taurine. While taurine is a naturally occurring amino acid, its name is derived from the Latin word “taurus,” meaning bull or ox. Taurine is found in many energy drinks, including popular brands like Red Bull, Monster, and Rockstar. Nevertheless, these drinks also contain high amounts of caffeine and sugar, leading experts to caution against the potential adverse health effects of consuming them.

Yadav remarked, “Over the past 25 years, scientists have been striving to find factors that not only help us live longer but also extend our healthy lifespan in old age. This study suggests that taurine could be the ‘elixir of life’ within us, potentially assisting us in leading longer and healthier lives.”

Dr. Munenori Matsuzawa, Chief Medical Officer, Aoyama Medical Clinic.

【References】

Taurine deficiency as a driver of aging.
Singh P, Gollapalli K, Mangiola S, Schranner D, Yusuf MA, Chamoli M, Shi SL, Lopes Bastos B, Nair T, Riermeier A, Vayndorf EM, Wu JZ, Nilakhe A, Nguyen CQ, Muir M, Kiflezghi MG, Foulger A, Junker A, Devine J, Sharan K, Chinta SJ, Rajput S, Rane A, Baumert P, Schönfelder M, Iavarone F, di Lorenzo G, Kumari S, Gupta A, Sarkar R, Khyriem C, Chawla AS, Sharma A, Sarper N, Chattopadhyay N, Biswal BK, Settembre C, Nagarajan P, Targoff KL, Picard M, Gupta S, Velagapudi V, Papenfuss AT, Kaya A, Ferreira MG, Kennedy BK, Andersen JK, Lithgow GJ, Ali AM, Mukhopadhyay A, Palotie A, Kastenmüller G, Kaeberlein M, Wackerhage H, Pal B, Yadav VK.Science. 2023 Jun 9;380(6649):eabn9257. doi: 10.1126/science.abn9257. Epub 2023 Jun 9.PMID: 37289866